Species

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Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)

Crabro ruficornis Zetterstedt, 1838:443 - Bitsch & Leclercq, 1993Bitsch, J. & Leclercq, J. 1993. Hyménoptères sphecidae d´Europe Occidentale. Vol. 1 Generalites - Crabroninae. 1-325.:161 (listed). - As Ectemnius ruficornis: - Leclercq, 1951Leclercq, J. 1951. Catalogue synonymique des Crabroninae (Hym. Sphecidae) de la Belgique. Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique 27 (28):1-20.:16 (distribution); Beaumont, 1964Beaumont, J. de 1964. Hymenoptera: Sphecidae. Lausanne. 1-174.:127 (distribution); Dollfuss, 1983Dollfuss, H. 1983. Fam.: Sphecidae. Verlag der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien. 1-32.:18 (distribution); Lomholdt, O., 1984Lomholdt, O. 1984. The Sphecidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Ent.Scan. 4 , part 1:1-224.:320 (distribution); Pádr, 1989Pádr, Z. 1989. Sphecoidea. In: Sedivý, J. (Ed.). Enumeratio Insectorum Bohemoslovakiae - Check List of Czechoslovak Insects III (Hymenoptera). 165-171. (distribution); Dollfuss, 1991Dollfuss, H. 1991. Bestimmungsschlüssel der Grabwespen Nord- und Zentraleuropas (Hymenoptera Sphecidae) mit speziellen Angaben zur Grabwespenfauna Österreichs. Stapfia 24:1-274.:175 (distribution, listed); Schmidt, 1992Schmidt, K. 1992. Katalog der Spheciden Europas und der Türkei. :1-16. (distribution); Leclercq & Barbier, 1993Leclercq, J. & Y. Barbier 1993. Atlas de répartition des Crabroniens de France et des régions limitrophes (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae, Crabronini). 1-94.:66 (distribution); Bitsch & Leclercq, 1993Bitsch, J. & Leclercq, J. 1993. Hyménoptères sphecidae d´Europe Occidentale. Vol. 1 Generalites - Crabroninae. 1-325.:161 (distribution, listed); Leclercq, 1993Leclercq, J. 1993. Hymenopteres Sphecides Crabroniens d´ Europe et du Bassin Mediterraneen. Notes fauniques de Gembloux 26:9-54.:31 (listed); Negrisolo, 1995Negrisolo, E. 1995. Hymenoptera Sphecidae. In: Minelli A., Ruffo S. & La Posta S. (Ed.). Checklist delle specie della fauna italiana. 1-12.:7 (distribution); Schmid-Egger et al., 1995Schmid-Egger, C., S. Risch & O. Niehuis 1995. Die Wildbienen und Wespen in Rheinland-Pfalz (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Verbreitung, Ökologie und Gefährdungssituation. Fauna Flora Rheinland-Pfalz Beiheft 16:1-296.:184 (Nistweise [in Totholz], prey/host [Fliegen (Diptera)]); Klein, W., 1996Klein, W. 1996. De graafwespen van de Benelux - Hymenoptera, Sphecidae. Jeugdbondsuitgeverij, 1-130. (distribution), 50 (distribution); Edwards, 1998 1998. Provisional atlas of the aculeate Hymenoptera of Britain and Ireland Part 2. 1-138. (distribution); Blösch, 2000Blösch, M. 2000. Die Grabwespen Deutschlands. Goecke & Evers, Keltern. 1-480.:341 (distribution); Ohl, 2001Ohl, M. 2001. Sphecidae. In: Dathe, H., A. Taeger & S.M. Blank (Ed.). Verzeichnis der Hautflügler Deutschlands (Entomofauna Germanica, Band 4). 137-143. (distribution), 139 (distribution); Bieri, 2002Bieri, S. 2002. Bienen und Wespen des Fürstentums Liechtenstein. 1-160. (distribution); Leclercq, 2007Leclercq, J. 2007. Hyménoptères Crabroniens des Amériques du genre Ectemnius Dahlbom 1845 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae Crabronini). Notes fauniques de Gembloux 60 (4):163-177. (distribution); Gogala, 2011Gogala, A. 2011. Sphecid wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Ampulicidae, Sphecidae and Crabronidae). Scopolia 73 (1-39):. (distribution); Bitsch, 2014Bitsch, J. 2014. Sphéciformes nouveaux ou peu connus de la faune de France et d’Europe occidentale (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 119 (3):391-419. (distribution). - As Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis: - Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209. (distribution); Amarante, 2002Amarante, S.T.P. 2002. A synonymic catalog of the neotropical Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 37:1-139. (distribution); Ljubomirov & Yildirim, 2008Ljubomirov, T. & E. Yildirim 2008. . Sofia. 1-316. (distribution).
Crabro aurilabris Herrich-Schaeffer, 1841:20 - Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1677 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Bitsch & Leclercq, 1993Bitsch, J. & Leclercq, J. 1993. Hyménoptères sphecidae d´Europe Occidentale. Vol. 1 Generalites - Crabroninae. 1-325.:161 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Amarante, 2002Amarante, S.T.P. 2002. A synonymic catalog of the neotropical Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 37:1-139.:28 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)).
Crabro nigrifrons Cresson, 1865:482, ♂. 3 ♂♂, Colorado Territory, 1864 (leg. Mr. James Ridings). - Fox, 1895Fox, W.J. 1895. The Crabroninae of Boreal America. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 22 (2):129-226. (distribution); Móczár, 1959Móczár, L. 1959. Sphecoidea II. Budapest. 1-87.:36 (determination); Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1677 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Dollfuss, 1991Dollfuss, H. 1991. Bestimmungsschlüssel der Grabwespen Nord- und Zentraleuropas (Hymenoptera Sphecidae) mit speziellen Angaben zur Grabwespenfauna Österreichs. Stapfia 24:1-274.:175 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Bitsch & Leclercq, 1993Bitsch, J. & Leclercq, J. 1993. Hyménoptères sphecidae d´Europe Occidentale. Vol. 1 Generalites - Crabroninae. 1-325.:161 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Amarante, 2002Amarante, S.T.P. 2002. A synonymic catalog of the neotropical Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 37:1-139.:28 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)).
Crabro contiguus Cresson, 1865:484, ♀. 3 ♀♀, Colorado Territory, 1864 (leg. Mr. James Ridings). - Fox, 1895Fox, W.J. 1895. The Crabroninae of Boreal America. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 22 (2):129-226.:145 ( listed as synonym of Crabro nigrifrons Cresson, 1865); Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1677 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Bitsch & Leclercq, 1993Bitsch, J. & Leclercq, J. 1993. Hyménoptères sphecidae d´Europe Occidentale. Vol. 1 Generalites - Crabroninae. 1-325.:161 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Amarante, 2002Amarante, S.T.P. 2002. A synonymic catalog of the neotropical Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 37:1-139.:28 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)).
Crabro septentrionalis Packard, 1866:110, ♀. ♀, Hudson Bay Territory (Norton); ♀, Maine, Brunswick, and head waters of Penobscot (leg. Packard). Synonymized with Crabro nigrifrons Cresson, 1865 by Fox, 1896Fox, W.J. 1896. Supplement to 'The Crabroninæ of Boreal America'. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 23 (1):78-80.:78. - Fox, 1895Fox, W.J. 1895. The Crabroninae of Boreal America. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 22 (2):129-226. (distribution); Dalla Torre, 1897Dalla Torre, C.G. 1897. Catalogus hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Volumen VIII: Fossores (Sphegidae). Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig. 1-749. (distribution); Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1677 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Bitsch & Leclercq, 1993Bitsch, J. & Leclercq, J. 1993. Hyménoptères sphecidae d´Europe Occidentale. Vol. 1 Generalites - Crabroninae. 1-325.:161 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Amarante, 2002Amarante, S.T.P. 2002. A synonymic catalog of the neotropical Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 37:1-139.:28 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)).
Crabro planifrons Thomson, 1870:173 - Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1677 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Dollfuss, 1991Dollfuss, H. 1991. Bestimmungsschlüssel der Grabwespen Nord- und Zentraleuropas (Hymenoptera Sphecidae) mit speziellen Angaben zur Grabwespenfauna Österreichs. Stapfia 24:1-274.:175 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Bitsch & Leclercq, 1993Bitsch, J. & Leclercq, J. 1993. Hyménoptères sphecidae d´Europe Occidentale. Vol. 1 Generalites - Crabroninae. 1-325.:161 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Amarante, 2002Amarante, S.T.P. 2002. A synonymic catalog of the neotropical Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 37:1-139.:28 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)).
Crabro longipalpis Verhoeff, 1892:70 - Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1677 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Bitsch & Leclercq, 1993Bitsch, J. & Leclercq, J. 1993. Hyménoptères sphecidae d´Europe Occidentale. Vol. 1 Generalites - Crabroninae. 1-325.:161 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Amarante, 2002Amarante, S.T.P. 2002. A synonymic catalog of the neotropical Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 37:1-139.:28 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)).
Crabro chipsanii Matsumura, 1911:102 - Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1677 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Amarante, 2002Amarante, S.T.P. 2002. A synonymic catalog of the neotropical Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 37:1-139.:28 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)).
Crabro lineatotarsis Matsumura, 1911:102 - Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1677 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)); Amarante, 2002Amarante, S.T.P. 2002. A synonymic catalog of the neotropical Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 37:1-139.:28 ( listed as synonym of Ectemnius ruficornis ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)).

FotoID: 460
Species: Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) ♀
Photographer: Frank K├Âhler
Location: Tirol, Tassenbach Aug 2004

FotoID: 336
Species: Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) ♂
Photographer: Ingrid Altmann
Location: Bayerischer Wald, Furth 2005

FotoID: 464
Species: Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) ♂
Photographer: Frank K├Âhler
Location: Tirol, Tassenbach Aug 2004

FotoID: 463
Species: Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) ♂
Photographer: Frank K├Âhler
Location: Tirol, Tassenbach Aug 2004

FotoID: 1214
Species: Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) ♂
Photographer: Frank K├Âhler
Location: Tirol, Martawald, 2006

FotoID: 453
Species: Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) ♀
Photographer: Frank K├Âhler
Location: Tirol, Tassenbach Aug 2004

FotoID: 459
Species: Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)
Photographer: Frank K├Âhler
Location: Tirol, Tassenbach Aug 2004

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Area distribution map

map of Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)

Distribution

ALBAlbania
 (Schmidt, 1992)
AUTAustria
 (Schmidt, 1992)
BELBelgium
 (Schmidt, 1992)
BGRBulgaria
 (Schmidt, 1992)
CANCanada
 (Packard, 1866 [as Crabro septentrionalis Packard, 1866]; Fox, 1895 [as Crabro nigrifrons Cresson, 1865]; Krombein et al., 1979; Amarante, 2002)
CAN-BrCCanada - British Columbia
 (Leclercq, 2007)
CAN-NoSCanada - Nova Scotia
 (Leclercq, 2007)
CHESwitzerland
 (Schmidt, 1992)
CZECzech Republic
 (Pádr, 1989)
DEUGermany
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-BaGermany - Bavaria
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-BBGermany - Brandenburg + Berlin
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-BWGermany - Baden-Württemberg
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-HeGermany - Hesse
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-LSBGermany - Lower Saxony + Bremen
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-MVGermany - Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-NRWGermany - North Rhine-Westphalia
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-RPSGermany - Rhineland-Palatinate + Saarland
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-SAGermany - Saxony-Anhalt
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-SHHGermany - Schleswig-Holstein + Hamburg
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-SxGermany - Saxony
 (Ohl, 2001)
DEU-ThGermany - Thuringia
 (Ohl, 2001)
DNKDenmark
 (Schmidt, 1992)
ESPSpain
 (Schmidt, 1992)
FINFinland
 (Schmidt, 1992)
FRAFrance
 (Schmidt, 1992; Bitsch, 2014)
GBRUnited Kingdom
 (Schmidt, 1992)
GBR-CIsChannel Islands (Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney)
 (Edwards, 1998)
GBR-EngUnited Kingdom - England
 (Edwards, 1998)
GBR-WalUnited Kingdom - Wales
 (Edwards, 1998)
HUNHungary
 (Schmidt, 1992)
ITAItaly
 (Schmidt, 1992)
LIELiechtenstein
 (Bieri, 2002)
LUXLuxembourg
 (Klein, W., 1996)
MEXMexico
 (Krombein et al., 1979; Amarante, 2002)
NLDNetherlands
 (Schmidt, 1992)
NORNorway
 (Schmidt, 1992)
POLPoland
 (Schmidt, 1992)
ROMRomania
 (Schmidt, 1992)
SVKSlovakia (Slovak Republic)
 (Pádr, 1989)
SVNSlovenia
 (Gogala, 2011)
SWESweden
 (Schmidt, 1992)
TURTurkey
 (Ljubomirov & Yildirim, 2008)
USAUnited States
 (Krombein et al., 1979; Amarante, 2002)
USA-CAUnited States - California
 (Fox, 1895 [as Crabro nigrifrons Cresson, 1865]; Leclercq, 2007)
USA-COUnited States - Colorado
 (Cresson, 1865 [as Crabro nigrifrons Cresson, 1865]; Cresson, 1865 [as Crabro contiguus Cresson, 1865]; Fox, 1895 [as Crabro nigrifrons Cresson, 1865])
USA-ILUnited States - Illinois
 (Leclercq, 2007)
USA-MEUnited States - Maine
 (Fox, 1895 [as Crabro septentrionalis Packard, 1866]; Dalla Torre, 1897 [as Crabro septentrionalis Packard, 1866]; Leclercq, 2007)
USA-NMUnited States - New Mexico
 (Leclercq, 2007)
USA-NVUnited States - Nevada
 (Fox, 1895 [as Crabro nigrifrons Cresson, 1865])
USA-NYUnited States - New York
 (Fox, 1895 [as Crabro nigrifrons Cresson, 1865]; Leclercq, 2007)
USA-ORUnited States - Oregon
 (Leclercq, 2007)
USA-SCUnited States - South Carolina
 (Leclercq, 2007)
USA-WAUnited States - Washington
 (Fox, 1895 [as Crabro nigrifrons Cresson, 1865]; Leclercq, 2007)
USA-WYUnited States - Wyoming
 (Leclercq, 2007)
YUGYugoslavia
 (Schmidt, 1992)

Literature

  • Amarante, S.T.P. 2002. A synonymic catalog of the neotropical Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 37:1-139.
  • Beaumont, J. de 1964. Hymenoptera: Sphecidae. Lausanne. 1-174.
  • Bieri, S. 2002. Bienen und Wespen des Fürstentums Liechtenstein. 1-160.
  • Bitsch, J. 2014. Sphéciformes nouveaux ou peu connus de la faune de France et d’Europe occidentale (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 119 (3):391-419.
  • Bitsch, J. & Leclercq, J. 1993. Hyménoptères sphecidae d´Europe Occidentale. Vol. 1 Generalites - Crabroninae. 1-325.
  • Blösch, M. 2000. Die Grabwespen Deutschlands. Goecke & Evers, Keltern. 1-480.
  • Burger, F., C. Saure & J. Oehlke 1998. Rote Liste und Artenliste der Grabwespen und anderer Hautflügler des Landes Brandenburgs (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, Evanioidea, 'Scolioidea'). Naturschutz Landschaftspflege Brandenburg 7 (2 Beilage):24-43.
  • Cresson, E.T. 1865. Catalogue of Hymenoptera in the collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, from Colorado Territory (Continued from page 313). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia 4:426-488.
  • Dalla Torre, C.G. 1897. Catalogus hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Volumen VIII: Fossores (Sphegidae). Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig. 1-749.
  • Dollfuss, H. 1983. Fam.: Sphecidae. Verlag der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien. 1-32.
  • Dollfuss, H. 1991. Bestimmungsschlüssel der Grabwespen Nord- und Zentraleuropas (Hymenoptera Sphecidae) mit speziellen Angaben zur Grabwespenfauna Österreichs. Stapfia 24:1-274.
  • 1998. Provisional atlas of the aculeate Hymenoptera of Britain and Ireland Part 2. 1-138.
  • Esser, Fuhrmann & Venne 2010. Rote Liste und Gesamtartenliste der Wildbienen und Wespen (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Crabronidae, Sphecidae, Ampulicidae, Pompilidae, Vespidae, Tiphiidae, Sapygidae, Mutillidae, Chrysididae) Nordrhein-Westfalens. Ampulex 2:5-60.
  • Fowles, A.P. 1996. A provisional checklist of the invertebrates recorded from Wales. 2. Aculeate wasps, bees and ants (Hymenoptera: Aculeata). 1-57.
  • Fox, W.J. 1895. The Crabroninae of Boreal America. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 22 (2):129-226.
  • Fox, W.J. 1896. Supplement to 'The Crabroninæ of Boreal America'. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 23 (1):78-80.
  • Gogala, A. 2011. Sphecid wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Ampulicidae, Sphecidae and Crabronidae). Scopolia 73 (1-39):.
  • Haeseler, V., K. Schmidt, R. Gauß, M. Hoop, G. Preuss, H. Riemann, K.-H. Schwammberger & P. Westrich 1984. Rote Liste der Grabwespen (Sphecoidea). In: Blab, J., E. Nowak, W. Trautmann & H. Sukopp (Ed.). Rote Liste der gefährdeten Tiere und Pflanzen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (4. erweiterte und neubearbeitete Auflage). 47-49.
  • Klein, W. 1996. De graafwespen van de Benelux - Hymenoptera, Sphecidae. Jeugdbondsuitgeverij, 1-130.
  • Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.
  • Leclercq, J. 1951. Catalogue synonymique des Crabroninae (Hym. Sphecidae) de la Belgique. Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique 27 (28):1-20.
  • Leclercq, J. 1993. Hymenopteres Sphecides Crabroniens d´ Europe et du Bassin Mediterraneen. Notes fauniques de Gembloux 26:9-54.
  • Leclercq, J. 2007. Hyménoptères Crabroniens des Amériques du genre Ectemnius Dahlbom 1845 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae Crabronini). Notes fauniques de Gembloux 60 (4):163-177.
  • Leclercq, J. & Y. Barbier 1993. Atlas de répartition des Crabroniens de France et des régions limitrophes (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae, Crabronini). 1-94.
  • Ljubomirov, T. & E. Yildirim 2008. . Sofia. 1-316.
  • Lomholdt, O. 1984. The Sphecidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Ent.Scan. 4 , part 1:1-224.
  • Móczár, L. 1959. Sphecoidea II. Budapest. 1-87.
  • Negrisolo, E. 1995. Hymenoptera Sphecidae. In: Minelli A., Ruffo S. & La Posta S. (Ed.). Checklist delle specie della fauna italiana. 1-12.
  • Ohl, M. 2001. Sphecidae. In: Dathe, H., A. Taeger & S.M. Blank (Ed.). Verzeichnis der Hautflügler Deutschlands (Entomofauna Germanica, Band 4). 137-143.
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